Natural Resources Protection and Restoration

 

Risk

Industrial estate development, while beneficial to the countries and their residents’ overall economic growth, may have a negative impact on biodiversity and ecosystems in the area due to changes in land use and urbanization to accommodate expanding industrial sectors. The decline of biodiversity increases the risk to the ecosystem’s balance in the area, affecting the abundance of natural resources that are the main raw materials of business operations, such as water, and the overall quality of the environment, as well as the quality of life of stakeholders who live in the area and make use of nature.

Opportunity

The Company has an opportunity to transform the industrial estate into a city that strikes a balance between economic growth and social and environmental conservation. This will allow the industrial sector to live in unity with surrounding communities. The conservation of the quality and balance of biodiversity will result in the sustainable handover of sufficient resources vital to the economic, social, and environmental quality of life of the stakeholders to the next generation. 

Management Approach

The Company is determined to conduct its business while simultaneously preserving natural resources and the environment rigorously.

As a result, it established a Biodiversity Policy with the objective of preventing damage and mitigating impact on biodiversity in AMATA Industrial Estates, as well as supporting and promoting stakeholders in the area to jointly nurture, rehabilitate, and conserve biodiversity in both AMATA Industrial Estates.  

According to the Town Planning Act (B.E. 2562, 2019), both AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate and AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate are located in industrial zones; within a 5-kilometer radius, there are no important ecosystem areas that have been established both nationally and internationally or conservation areas and protected areas that have been announced by government agencies on natural resources and the environment. 

However, the Company’s two industrial estate developments may have a negative impact on biodiversity, which can occur both directly and indirectly, such as through changes in land use patterns, the expansion of surrounding communities, the pollution caused by various activities in the industrial estates, including the impact caused by the Company’s suppliers and contractors, etc. These can happen from the moment the Company begins developing the site until the industrial estate is fully developed. 

The Company has continuously conserved and rehabilitated biodiversity in AMATA City Chonburi and AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate through the environmental rehabilitation project, green area expansion, and conservation of native freshwater species in the community to mitigate the risk of negative impact on biodiversity according to the concept of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) regarding biodiversity offset under the IUCN’s Biodiversity Mitigation Hierarchy, consists of four approaches, i.e. Avoidance, Minimization, Rehabilitation / Restoration and Compensation or Offset. 

As a result, the Company has embarked on the following projects to avoid and mitigate any negative effects, including restoration and remedy for negative effects, that may result from its operations in AMATA City Chonburi and AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estates. 

Management of Green Area in AMATA Industrial Estates

The Company aims to develop green areas within the two AMATA industrial estates to be a livable city with a good environment that promotes a better quality of life for workers in the industrial estates. The Company has set the target to have green areas at least 10 percent of the total developed area. The Company has prepared a master plan and determined green area development within AMATA industrial estates annually to continuously restore green areas in AMATA industrial estates. It defines types of plants based on forest types in Chonburi and Rayong provinces, according to the Royal Forest Department. Most terrestrial forest in Chonburi and Rayong is mixed-deciduous forest and dry evergreen forest. 

AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate

The total project area of AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate is 27,752 rai (4,440 hectare), with a total developed area of 17,588 rai (2,814 hectare) and a total green area of 1,936 rai (310 hectare), representing 11.01% of the developed area.  In 2022, the Company planted approximately 2,700 trees in AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate to develop green areas out of unusable land, as well as perennial planting to replace dead seedings and landscape enhancements. The survival rate of the seeding was 80%. The trees planted are entirely composed of local perennial species found in Chonburi provinceAccording to the Royal Forest Department report, these trees are categorized as mixed-deciduous and dry evergreen species that are tolerant of saline soil conditions, such as Siamese Rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis), Gurjan (Dipterocarpus alatus), Bungor (Lagerstroemia calyculata), Horse Cassia (Cassia grandis), Kalamona (Cassia surattensis), Yellow poinciana (Peltophorum pterocarpum), Thai crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia speciosa), Trumpet Tree (Dolichandrone serrulata), Broad-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Burmese Padauk (Pterocarpus macrocarpas), Tamarind (Tamarindus indica), and Manila tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce), etc.  

AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate

The total project area of AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate is 17,898 rai (2,864 hectare), with a total developed area of 14,665 rai (2,346 hectare) and a total green area of 1,506 rai (241 hectare) representing 10.27% of the developed areaIn 2022 the Company planted 12,800 trees in AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate with a survival rate of 85%, whereas the dead plants are continuously replaced. The trees planted are entirely composed of local perennial species found in Rayong province. According to the Royal Forest Department report, these trees are categorized as mixed-deciduous and dry evergreen species, such as Afzelia burl (Afzelia xylocarpa), Java Plum (Eugenia cumini), Gurjan (Dipterocarpus alatus), White Meranti (Shorea roxburghii), Bungor (Lagerstroemia calyculata), Thai copper pod (Senna siamea), Tamarind (Tamarindus indica), Queen’s Flower (Lagerstroemia speciosa), and Broad-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), etc. 

Converting Public Areas to Community Forest

In collaboration with factory operators in the AMATA Industrial Estates, the Company has developed projects to revitalize abandoned public areas to community forests by planting local perennial plants in the industrial estates’ degraded forest areas. For example, during the period of 4 years between 2019 and 2022, in the “Forest for Life” project, the Company collaborated with Tokai Rika (Thailand) Co., Ltd. to reforest degraded forest areas, which is a public area of 12 rai in AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate. In 2022, 5,800 trees were planted on 3 rai of land, and during the project period, a total of 17,400 trees were planted on 9 rai of land. 

Conservation of Local Aquatic Animals

In 2022, AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate held a “Fish and Crab Release” event at the Mangrove Forest Conservation Learning Center in Khlong Tamru subdistrict, Chonburi province, releasing over 19,000 crabs and fish to celebrate Her Majesty Queen Sirikit the Queen Mother’s 90th birthday. 

The area of AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate is in the middle of a watershed, the Phu Sai Stream, which flows from the Khao Mai Kaeo watershed and runs through the industrial estate before reaching the Dok Krai Reservoir, which is a large reservoir with a capacity of over 79 million cubic meters and an area of more than 1,300 rai (2.08 square kilometers) in Rayong province. Although Dok Krai Reservoir is located outside the radius of 5 kilometers from AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate, it is an area that is important in terms of freshwater ecosystems and an important economic source for the community because it is a nursery for aquatic animals and a local fishing area for more than 500 households in Nikhom Phatthana district. This poses a threat to aquatic species, a significant part of the community’s traditional means of subsistence, and is prompting surrounding populations to be concerned about potential effects on water quality.  

As a result, the Company collaborates with the Rayong Provincial Fisheries and Freshwater Fisheries Resource Management Group at Dok Krai Reservoir, a community committee that oversees and controls reservoir utilization, and various alliance groups, such as local authorities and factory operators in AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate, to develop the “Joint Development toward Sustainable Watershed” project in order to preserve and restore water sources, including local aquatic animal species that provide a reliable source of income and food for the community and can also be used as an effective indicator of water quality.  

In 2022, the Company released 325,000 aquatic animals, or 10 species, which are species found in the reservoir by fisheries in Rayong province such as the Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus), Spotted Knife Fish (Chitala ornata), Seven-Stripped Carp (Probarbus jullieni), Rohu (Labeo rohita), Iridescent shark (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Small Scale Mud Carp (Cirrhinus microlepis), etc.; the total worth is 125,000 baht. Furthermore, the Company collaborated with the Rayong Provincial Fisheries Office to release 200,000 Giant Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Since the project has been implemented, the Company has released over 1,500,000 aquatic animals. Furthermore, there was an activity in 2022 to make Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) out of rope to serve as a shelter and refuge for the released aquatic species and increase their chances of survival. FADs also increase biodiversity, both in terms of species and the number of living creatures living around them. 

In addition to preserving local species and increasing the number of aquatic animals in Dok Krai Reservoir, the activities increased community confidence in the quality of water flowing through AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate, which the Company has well managed, controlled, and monitored. In the future, the Company plans to survey the diversity of aquatic animals in the Dok Krai Reservoir area in collaboration with Rayong Province Fisheries and the Dok Krai Reservoir Freshwater Fisheries Resource Management Group, to be used as basic information for biodiversity conservation and future water quality indicators. 

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